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2026-03-10
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Li-Ion Battery Technology
Patent Highlights – Free Version

Polymer interface layers for sulfide solid-state batteries, PECVD-controlled amorphous silicon phase engineering in porous carbon anodes, and CeO2 sintering-promoting buffer layers for single-crystal NMC cathodes

Prospective High Impact Advancements

⚡
Electrolytes
Solid & Semi-Solid
Envision Power Technology
Polyether sulfonate (single-ion conductor) and PDMAEA (H2S scavenger) with LiTFSI as 30 nm interface layer in NMC / Li6PS5Cl cells
2 C Rate: 64.1% vs 21.5%
LG Energy Solution
Post-assembly vacuum impregnation of bipolar LFP/SiO stack suppresses gel electrolyte volatilization
Volatilization: 1.18% vs 46.5%
Solithor
Alkoxysilyl-PEO + cyanurate trifunctional crosslinker forming –Si–O–Si– solid polymer electrolyte film (70 μm) via anhydrous sol-gel
Window: 4.9 V, 221°C thermal stability
−
Anode
Negative Electrode
BTR New Material Group
PECVD at 300°C (13.56 MHz, 25 W) achieving ≥85% amorphous Si phase (≤0.5 nm grain size) in porous carbon matrix
Retention: 89.0% @50 cyc vs 84.0%
Panasonic
Halloysite tubular additive (L/D > 5, pore ≥1 nm) retaining electrolyte within high-Si negative electrode mixture during cycling
Resistance: 0.93× (relative) @50 cyc
LG Energy Solution
Dual-layer SiO anode with asymmetric distribution (15.7% lower / 9.9% upper) and matched SWCNT/SiO surface area ratio (SSWCNT/SSiO = 0.8–1.2)
Retention: 89% @100 cyc vs 77%
+
Cathode
Positive Electrode
L&F
CeO2-doped single-crystal NMC622 with Ce surface buffer layer enabling Ostwald ripening at reduced sintering temperatures (950°C)
DCIR increase: 75.4% vs 98.6% @50 cyc
EcoPro BM
Two-step lithiation and sintering creating locally Mn-enriched domains (36 at% vs 25 at%) with distinct (003) d-spacing in NMC622
Rate (2.0 C / 0.1 C): 86.0% vs 76.3%
Umicore
LMFP/NMC blend (20 mass% LMFP + 80 mass% high-Ni NMC; 2627 Wh/L volumetric energy density)
Fading (cyc 37/10): 9.5% vs 35.5%
Benchmarking Experiments in Patents ⓘ
These benchmarks are drawn directly from experiments reported in the patents, where an inventive example incorporating the claimed innovation is compared against a comparative example that omits it while keeping the cell configuration, chemistry, and test conditions otherwise equivalent.
High-Rate Capability Retention with Polymer Interface Layer (Envision Power Technology)
64.1%
21.5%
30 nm interface layer (polyether sulfonate + PDMAEA, 1 : 1 mass ratio, 20–30 mass% LiTFSI) vs. no interface layer • 2 C rate capacity retention, NMC / Li6PS5Cl / Li cells, 2.4–4.25 V, 25°C
Asymmetric Dual-Layer SiO Anode Cycle Retention (LG Energy Solution)
89%
77%
Asymmetric SiO distribution (15.7 mass% lower / 9.9 mass% upper) with matched SWCNT surface area (SSWCNT/SSiO = 1.0) vs. mismatched SWCNT ratio (SSWCNT/SSiO = 0.75) • capacity retention after 100 cycles at 0.5 C charge / 0.5 C discharge, NMC811 full cells
Resistance Increase Suppression with Ce Buffer Layer (L&F)
75.4%
98.6%
CeO2-doped single-crystal NMC622 (0.3 mol% Ce, 950°C sintering, grain size 380 nm) vs. undoped NMC622 sintered at same temperature • DCIR increase after 50 cycles, 0.5 C / 1.0 C, 4.3–4.5 V, 45°C (lower is better)
Rate Capability of Mn-Enriched Domain NMC622 (EcoPro BM)
86.0%
76.3%
Two-step lithiation with locally Mn-enriched domains (36 at% Mn, d-spacing Δ = 0.080 Å vs bulk) vs. uniform Mn distribution without two-step process • 2.0 C / 0.1 C rate capability, half-cells, 3.0–4.4 V, 45°C

Recently Published Company Chapters
(Solid-state / Semi-solid Li-ion Battery Innovation & Patent Review)

🏢
USA
SES AI
Technology Assessment: Can an architecture retaining compatibility with conventional liquid electrolyte cell production overcome the 'escalating capacity loss' pattern inherent in lithium metal cycling? The chapter examines how SES's spatially differentiated electrolyte approach positions against the central cycle life barrier, how near-term drone/UAM commercialization complements longer-term EV development, and how public statements align with what the patent portfolio reveals about development priorities.
Product Development Pathway
(5 R&D Concepts)
Dual-polymer composite protective layer system for lithium metal dendrite suppression at the anode interface. Co-salt electrolyte architecture with sulfonyl-containing solvents for plating/stripping efficiency. Further concepts address mixed cathode architectures for thermal runaway mitigation, conductive adhesive coatings for large-format anode fabrication, and in-situ gel polymer electrolytes.
Key synergies: Anode stability, electrolyte optimization, and thermal safety addressed through independent but complementary concept pathways – enabling parallel de-risking of cycle life, safety, and manufacturability.
Read Full Chapter →
🏢
USA
Solid Power
Technology Assessment: Solid Power positions as a sulfide electrolyte supplier rather than a cell manufacturer – the chapter examines how 6 R&D concepts spanning synthesis through cell architecture create licensing value, why H₂S management remains the central scale-up question, what recent OEM vehicle demonstrations and expanding partnerships signal about production timelines, and how the patent portfolio's scope compares with public positioning.
Product Development Pathway
(6 R&D Concepts)
Accelerated sulfide electrolyte synthesis using catalytic solvent approaches to reduce argyrodite production time at high phase purity. Particle growth methodology via sintering flux treatment for optimized processing. Further concepts cover a dual-binder slurry platform for thin separator layers, a bilayer silicon anode with controlled vertical cracking, cathode morphology blending, and protective cathode coatings.
Key synergies: Vertically integrated material-to-cell pathway where each synthesis and processing step feeds the next – balancing electrolyte performance, anode volume management, and cathode stability for full-cell qualification.
Read Full Chapter →
🏢
China
WeLion
Technology Assessment: WeLion operates the world's first grid-scale semi-solid BESS and supplied EV cells discontinued after limited production – revealing divergent market acceptance facing its next-generation chemistry. The chapter assesses why the dual-mechanism curing architecture is conceptually compelling while requiring further evaluation of various polymer types, how manufacturing throughput shapes commercial viability, and where patent filings and public claims converge.
Product Development Pathway
(5 R&D Concepts)
Oxide/polymer composite separator architecture for combined ionic conductivity and thermal stability. Dual-mechanism in-situ curing polymer electrolyte decoupling chain-growth from crosslinking for complete electrode wetting before network formation. Further concepts address cathode-level thermal safety reinforcement, polymerization shrinkage compensation, and oxide particle processing for manufacturing consistency.
Key synergies: Processing innovations converging on a single injection-and-cure architecture – aligning separator, cathode, and electrolyte formation into one sequence to jointly address cycle life, thermal safety, and production throughput.
Read Full Chapter →