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Solid-state / Semi-solid Li-ion Battery Innovation & Patent Review

  • List of Abbreviations

  • AIBN Azobisisobutyronitrile (polymerization initiator)
    ASR Area Specific Resistance
    BET Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (theory used to determine surface area through gas
    adsorption measurement)
    BMS Battery Management System
    BOB Bis(oxalato)borate (non-coordinating anion)
    bp boiling point
    CC Constant Current
    CMOS Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor
    CV Constant Voltage
    CVD Chemical Vapor Deposition
    DBP Dibutyl Phthalate (plasticizer)
    DEC Diethyl Carbonate (liquid electrolyte component)
    DMC Dimethyl Carbonate (liquid electrolyte component)
    DSC Differential Scanning Calorimetry
    EBSD Electron Backscatter Diffraction
    EC Ethylene Carbonate (liquid electrolyte component)
    EDS Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy
    EIS Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy
    EMC Ethylmethyl Carbonate (liquid electrolyte component)
    EMIM or EMI 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium (ionic liquid cation)
    EPMA Electron Probe Microanalyzer
    EPO European Patent Office
    EV Electric Vehicle
    FC Fuel Cell
    FEC Fluoroethylene Carbonate (liquid electrolyte component)
    FIB Focused Ion-Beam
    FPFSI (FSO2)(C2F5SO2)N (non-coordinating anion)
    FSI Bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (non-coordinating anion)
    FTFSI Fluorosulfonyl-(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide (non-coordinating anion)
    Ga-LLZTO e.g. Li6.2Ga0.1La3Zr1.5Ta0.5O12
    HTPP Trimethylolpropane Ethoxylate Triacrylate (UV-curable monomer)
    IoT Internet of Things
    IPO Initial Public Offering
    ITO Indium Tin Oxide
    JDA Joint Development Agreement
    JV Joint Venture
    LAGP e.g. Li1.5Al0.5Ge1.5(PO4)3 (solid electrolyte)
    LATP e.g. Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3 (solid electrolyte)
    LCO Lithium Cobalt Oxide, LiCoO2 (Li-ion battery cathode material)
    LFP Lithium Iron Phosphate, LiFePO4 (Li-ion battery cathode material)
    LiBON Lithium Boron Oxynitride (solid electrolyte)
    LiPON Lithium Phosphorus Oxynitride (solid electrolyte)
    LISICON Lithium Super Ionic Conductor, e.g. Li3.5Ge0.5V0.5O4 (solid electrolyte)
    LLTO or LLT e.g. La0.57Li0.29TiO3 (solid electrolyte)
    LLZ or LLZO e.g. Li7La3Zr2O12 (solid electrolyte)
    LLZ-MgSr e.g. Li6.95Mg0.15La2.75Sr0.25Zr2.0O12 (solid electrolyte)
    LLZNb or
    LLZNO
    e.g. Li6.8La3Zr1.8Nb0.2O12, Li6.5La3Zr1.5Nb0.5O12 (solid electrolyte)
    LLZTO e.g. Li6.5La3Zr1.5Ta0.5O12 (solid electrolyte)
    LMO LiMn2O4 (positive electrode material)
    LNMO LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (positive electrode material)
    LSTPS e.g. Li10Si0.5Sn0.5P2S12 (solid electrolyte)
    LTO Li4Ti5O12 (negative electrode material)
    LVP Li3V2(PO4)3 (positive electrode material)
    MEEP Poly[bis((methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)‐phosphazene] (polymer)
    MLCC Multilayer Ceramic Chip Capacitor
    MOF Metal-Organic Framework
    mp melting point
    MPPY Methylpropylpyrrolidinium
    NBR Nitrile Rubber (binder)
    NCA Lithium Nickel Cobalt Aluminum Oxide, LiNiCoAlO2
    (Li-ion battery cathode material)
    NMC Lithium Nickel Cobalt Manganese Oxide, LiNiCoMnO2
    (Li-ion battery cathode material)
    PAA Polyacrylic acid (ion conducting polymer, binder and pore former)
    PAN Polyacrylonitrile (ion conducting polymer/binder)
    PC Propylene Carbonate (liquid electrolyte component)
    PCB Printed Circuit Board
    PDMA Pyromellitic Dianhydride (polymer precursor)
    PDMS Polydimethylsiloxane (polymer)
    PE Polyethylene
    PEDOT Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)
    PEEK Polyether Ether Ketone (polymer)
    PEG Polyethylene Glycol (polymer)
    PEGA Acrylamide-PEG (copolymer)
    PEGDME Polyethylene Glycol Dimethyl Ether (ion conducting oligomer)
    PEI Polyetherimide (polymer)
    PEO Polyethylene Oxide (ion conducting polymer)
    PET Polyethylene Terephthalate (polymer)
    PMMA Poly(methyl Methacrylate) (polymer)
    PP Polypropylene
    PPC Polypropylene Carbonate (ion conducting polymer)
    PPO Polyphenylene Ether (polymer)
    PPS Polyphenylene Sulfide (polymer)
    PS  1,3-Propane Sultone
    PTC Resistor Positive Temperature Coefficient Resistor
    PTFE Polytetrafluoroethylene (binder)
    PVA Polyvinyl Alcohol (polymer)
    PVB Polyvinyl Butyral (polymer)
    PVD Physical Vapor Deposition
    PVDC Polyvinylidene Chloride (sealant)
    PVDF Polyvinylidene Difluoride (binder)
    PVDF-HFP Poly(vinylidene Difluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (binder)
    RF Radio-Frequency
    SBR Styrene-Butadiene Rubber (binder)
    SEI Solid Electrolyte Interphase (intermediate layer between electrode and electrolyte)
    SEM Scanning Electron Microscopy
    SMD Surface-Mount Device
    SOC State-of-Charge
    SPAC Special Purpose Acquisition Company
    SSA Specific Surface Area (usually determined using a BET measurement)
    TEGDME Tetraethylene Glycol Dimethyl Ether (also called G4)
    TFSI Bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide (non-coordinating anion)
    THF Tetrahydrofuran (solvent)
    TRL Technology Readiness Level
    UAM Urban Air Mobility
    VGCF Vapor Grown Carbon Fibers (conductive additive)
    WDS Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy
    WPPF Whole Powder Pattern Fitting
    XPS X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy